2022, CD ezz-thetics Hat Hut Records 1038 // 9 tracks // 40:29
Musicians Christoph Gallio soprano & C-merlody // Markus Eichenberger clarinet // Production notes All compositions by Christoph Gallio & Markus Eichenberger (except track 8 by Christoph Gallio) // Recorded at PERCASO studio in Baden by Christoph Gallio, 2020 June 19 & 20 // Edited & mixed by EICHENBERGER / GALLIO // Mastered by Michael Brändli at Hard Studios in Winterthur // Liner Notes by Art Lange // Produced by EICHENBERGER / GALLIO & Werner X. Uehlinger, Bernhard "Benne" Vischer, Christian C. Dalucas // Graphic design by fuhrer vienna // Cover photo by Christoph Gallio

Samples

NEW WAYS New Ways
GIFT OF THE ARTIST Gift of the Artist
HOW TO SLEEP BETTER HOW TO SLEEEP BETTER
UPDATE Update
HOW DOES MY CAT THINK How does my cat think

Cover Notes

Liner Notes by Art Lange

Let’s begin with a simple equation: 1 + 1 = 1.

In creating this distinctive program of music and titling it Unison Polyphony, the multifaceted Swiss reedmen Markus Eichenberger and Christoph Gallio have implied a seemingly contradictory nature at the heart of their collaboration – two instrumental voices that relate to each other, illogically, by following a shared path (unison) and different paths (polyphony) at the same time. But if we are willing to accept the premise of our initial equation, where the consequence of their pairing is a single, self-contained, indivisible entity, we may decide (as the 19th century British historian/philosopher Thomas Carlyle imagined, in another context) that in so doing they have “penetrated into the inmost heart of a thing, detected the inmost mystery of it, namely, the melody that lies hidden in it; the inward harmony of coher- ence which is its soul, whereby it exists, and has a right to be, here in the world.”
The singular “thing” that Eichenberger and Gallio have constructed through their separate, spontaneous actions is the conceptually unified “harmony of coherence” which reveals its identity through pure melody. We typically tend to think of duos as either supportive – that is, one voice offering a foundation upon which the other voice may elaborate – or conversational – where the complementary or contrapuntal voices interact in a chosen field of conver- gence, while maintaining their individuality. But, to my mind, this duo could be regarded as cohabitational while neither generally supportive nor conversational, that is, agreeing to exist in a common space, contributing ideas that fit together without apparent compositional development or specific points of reference. Often, their participation seems to avoid the condi- tioned impulse of corresponding reaction. The melody that results, in those moments, is an unexpected, unpredictable complication of parts, no longer two distinct voices, but one integrated event. One plus one now equals one.
Melody is a direction, a flow of details, sound in motion towards a perceived endpoint, an elongation of experienced time into space. Its movement creates shape, contour, out- line. Melody may describe, or dictate, and thus determine or suggest a point of view, as metaphor – observable in Shakespeare or Schoenberg. Or it may qualify as its own form and function. Consider this isolated line from Gertrude Stein’s piece In (1913): “Leak in a leak in earn in urn eucalyptus new rights new rights pole light lime.” Meaning, and/or motivation, becomes secondary to the visual and melodic experience. In some of her writings, Stein has been categorized as a “cubist” author, as the repeated and recontextualized words may suggest an abstracted illusion of multiple perspectives. Here, however, her words become an object, the thing itself, the mystery contained in the music. Similarly, albeit in their rather more extreme manner, Eichenberger and Gallio act to agitate sound into existence as the thing itself, outside of referential or abstracted patterns, melody improvised and con- structed in its own concreteness.
Though speaking about visual constructs, the Swiss artist/designer/theoretician Max Bill characterized the distinction between con- creteness and abstraction in 1947 when he wrote, “To concretize means ’to transform into an object’ something that was not previously visible or palpable. To make abstract ideas, relationships and thoughts visible: that is concretization, objectifica- tion. The goal of concretization is to pre- sent abstract thoughts in reality in a way that is perceptible to the senses.”
As if confronting the challenge to “make abstract ideas, relationships and thoughts percepti- ble” in an improvisational context, Eichen- berger and Gallio insinuate the shape and texture of sound as object through acute instrumental means – adjustments of pitch, manipulations of timbre, blending of Similarly, albeit in their rather more extreme manner, Eichenberger and Gallio act to agitate sound into existence as the thing itself, outside of referential or abstracted patterns, melody improvised and con- structed in its own concreteness. Though speaking about visual constructs, the Swiss artist/designer/theoretician Max Bill characterized the distinction between con- creteness and abstraction in 1947 when he wrote, “To concretize means ’to trans- tones, each adding color to the compound- ed sense of line – and phrasing that emphasizes the angle, arc, and edge of their measure. Lyrical content is estab- lished as the acceptance of accident and intuition. Their synthesis of melody as object defines its own reality... “whereby it exists, and has a right to be, here in the world.” Art Lange, Chicago, October 2021

Reviews

JAZZWORD, KEN WAXMAN

Like a funhouse mirror two recent CDs showcase two contrasting aspects of Swiss saxophonist Christoph Gallio’s work, one harsh and one gentle. Gallio, who has been part of many ensembles for decades, most prominently the Day & Taxi trio since 1988, is featured improvising with associates with whom he rarely plays.

Day & Bus – whose title suggests a more cost-efficient transportation option to Day & Taxi – consists of one track of uncompromising astringent sounds. Joining Gallio who plays soprano, alto and C-melody saxophones, are fellow Swiss, bassist Dominque Girod, an academic who plays Jazz and Contemporary Music and drummer Dieter Ulrich, an art historian as well as a musician who also adds bugle blasts to part of the program. Another Swiss, clarinetist Markus Eichenberger, who often creates solo projects, partners Gallio on Unison Polyphony, featuring 10 tracks where the two do precisely that.

Playing soprano saxophone on all but one track, Gallio’s minimal flutters are often indistinguishable from Eichenberger’s clarion peeps on the other disc, especially when they move from broken octave advancement to unison playing. These high pitches often remain in the air after a particular track ends as sonic after-images. Alternately atom-sized bites are stacked into thin sheets of undulating texture. “Strange Cave System’, the longest track, for instance, evolves with ample motion and eventually hardens into a single horizontal line as staccato crackles and bursts of splayed tones are heard from each player. Playing the C-melody sax, Gallio’s distinctive textures help create a mellowing narrative. The following “Gift Of The Artists” is the complete opposite – 35 seconds of the highest pitched, most strident and shrillest yelps sprayed every which way. In the end the players artfully reflect the CD title. While they advance expositions with a leisurely collection of peeps, pauses and projects often in lockstep. More importantly, not only do motifs cross over from one reed to the other, but perceived timbres reflect back on one another’s expositions.

Whether you prefer the Dr. Jekyll or Mr. Hyde version of Gallio’s playing there’s much to consider on these sessions.

JAZZTOKYO, YOSHIAKI KINNO aka ONNYK

“Unison Polyphony” Markus Eichenberger & Christoph Gallio ezz-thetics 1038, Hat Hut records Ltd, 2022 「トゥゲザーしようぜぇ!」 review by 金野 ONNYK 吉晃 これは二人の木管楽器奏者の、静かな、ユニゾンをテーマにした曲集。 かつてアンソニー・ブラクストンは「ユニゾンこそは最高のアンサンブルだ」 と言った。なるほど彼の 70 年代のコンボ、またオーケストラにおいては徹底的 にテーマをユニゾンにしている曲が多い。 嘗てのフィリップ・グラス・アンサンブルや、ジョン・マクラフリンの<シャ クティ>の迫力も、一糸乱れることなく変転する(プログレっぽい)ユニゾン パターンの賜物だった。 たしかにテーマがユニゾンでびしっと始まり、そこから各自ソロに入ったり、 ユニゾンで奇麗にフィニッシュすると「決まった!」と叫びたくなる。 音の無いユニゾンもある。ブレイクというやつだ。これまた決まるとカッコい い。失敗するとみっともない事甚だしい。後々までメンバーにも客にも言われ る(という経験をしている)。 津軽三味線の合奏を聴いた事はあるだろうか。小さい編成だと 3 人くらいから 多い時には 100 人ほどでユニゾンするのだ。これは圧巻である。ユニゾンによ って音は倍加どころか共鳴現象で何十倍にもなる。 クセナキスの合唱曲「ポラ・タ・ディナ」は子供達の声で、全く旋律無く一定 のピッチで歌われる。これは儀式的なサウンドスケープになる。 アルヴィン・ルシエは、ユニゾンではなく「うなり」に凝っていた。彼は一定 の周波数の正弦波を出している環境で、箏を鳴らす。その周波数から少しだけ ずらして。すると「うなり=ビート」が生じる。そのうなりを観賞するのが、 その作品の肝という訳だ。なんだ、そんなものと思うかもしれないが、実際聴 いてみると、そのうなりの変化に意識は集中する。単に実験的なのではなく非 常に美しい。そこがルシエの素晴らしさだ。 これは永遠の持続音に、自分の声を重ねて行くラ・モンテ・ヤングの永遠劇場 音楽にも通じる。 このデュオのアルバムのライナーを書いているのはシカゴの作曲家、アート・ レンジだが、彼のテクストの冒頭も面白い。 「簡単な方程式から始めよう:1+1=1」 そうだろうか(これじゃポール・ブレイ、アネット・ピーコックの「デュアル・ ユニティ」か。西欧文化を席巻する弁証法!?)。 もしユニゾンで共鳴が起きれば=1 でも 2 でもなく 3 とかになることもあるのだ。 まあ、ここでは観念的に二人の奏者の融合は二つなるものではなく、やはり一 つになると考えてもいい。二杯の水を混ぜてもやはり一杯だ(これはいわゆる 「合祀」の考え方)。 さてユニゾンとポリフォニーは同時に存在できるか。まあ、あまり硬く考えな いようにしよう。二人は互いに探りあいながら共鳴させてみたり、うなりを楽 しんでいる。決して早いフレーズが応酬される事無く、最後までゆったりと響 かせあう。 この緩慢さについて思い当たる事が在る。 卵性双生児のドキュメンタリーである。この女性の双子は、精神的結びつきが 異常に強く、会話は双子同士だけで暗号のようなやりとりをするが、他者との 会話は不能だった。しかし知的停滞ではなく、ジューンは小説を書き、自費出 版したほどだ。二人は 18 歳の時、窃盗や器物損壊、放火、性的放縦を繰り返し、 特別病院に隔離される。この双子をどうみるか、精神医学的、心理学的、社会 学的に非常に関心が高まった事が在る。 さてこの双子の運命はどうなったか。カスパール・ハウザーの例の如く映画に したいほど面白い。下記ブログを参考にしてほしい。 マージョリー・ウォレス著 「沈黙の闘い―もの言わぬ双子の少女の物語」(大 和書房、1990)という本だ。 70 年代から 80 年代、英国に実在したジューンと、ジェニファー・ギボンズの一 smjournal.blog.fc2.com/blog-entry-1490.html 私も、かつてあるセミナーでこの双子のことを聴いて興味を持ち、本を購入し た。 今回、当 CD を聴いて思い出したのは、この双子の日常行動の話である。それは 彼等は何事をするにも非常に緩慢であったという。おそらくどちらかの行動が 先んじたり遅れたりしないように、互いに注意を払いながら動いていたからだ ろうという。二人は常に相互の束縛に依存していた。 もし我々が、何か同時に行動しろと言われたなら、そしてそれが予め決められ た通りに動くのでなければ、これはある種のジレンマとなる。当然互いを観察 して、動きは緩慢にならざるを得ないだろう。二人はそうしろと命じられたの ではなく、生来その束縛を選んだ。 アイヘンベルガーとガリオも楽譜通りに演奏しているのではなく、ユニゾンに 歩み寄りながら、しかし着かず離れずの距離で、束縛された即興を楽しんでい る。 これは貴方自身も参加できるかもしれない。出来れば管楽器で。 実は私も友人二人と管楽器のトリオを組んで、ライブをした事が在るのだが、 技術的にも高くは無いので、ミニマルな手法と「うなり」「共鳴」が自然に生 まれればそれを楽しむというポリシーだった。 ボルビトマグースというトリオをご存知だろうか。サックス二人、エレキギタ ー一人の、強烈無比なノイズを延々と即興でやる怪物バンドだった。彼等の決 め技の一つが、サックスのベルを互いに密着させて、吹き捲くるという荒技 。 彼等は大概、マイクをサックスの中にぶち込んでいるから音が聞こえないとい う事は無い。それどころか「うなり」「共鳴」は悲鳴雷鳴阿鼻叫喚となって発 生する。彼等は地獄を楽しんでいる。 www.discogs.com/release/956530-Jimmy-Sauter-Donny-Dietrich-Bel ls-Together そこまでやらずとも、合唱の経験者なら、声の融合が快感になることを知って いるだろう。個が全体の中に溶け込んで往く忘我~エクスタシーの境地である。 あるいはまた、エスキモーの女性達の遊び歌、<カジャクトク>というものも ある。二人で向かい合ったり、三人で環になり、一人の声を互いの口の中に反 響させて変えるという極めて親密な仲間の遊びだ。非常に早いテンポで行われ るのが面白い。 私もストローをダブルリードに改造して吹き、友人と互いの口で共鳴させると いう真似をしたが、予想外の変な音に爆笑して持続できなかった。 ちなみにアイヘンベルガーとガリオは、共にスイス出身、生れも 1957 年と一緒 だ。そして筆者もまた同い年である。生まれは岩手だが。 ガリオはよく日本ツアーで盛岡にも来た。次には彼と、できればアイヘンベル ガーも一緒になって、カジャクトクか、ベルズトゥゲザーしてみたいものだ。(了)

THE SQUID'S EAR, MASSIMO RICCI

We don't know why, but some albums persistently evade the reviewer's wish to assign them pertinent values to assist the reader who is unfamiliar with that music, even when they are heard in monastic silence and with the utmost focus. For starters, the reedist duet of Markus Eichenberger (clarinet) and Christoph Gallio (soprano and C-melody saxophones) does promise remarkable musical excellence from the outset. There aren't actually many philosophical suggestions as to the goal and probable interpretation of these gentlemen's aural contact if we ignore Art Lange's liners, admirably targeting the impossible in trying to explain the unexplainable through the dissemination of intellectual references.

Let's stick to the reasonable or the straightforward facts for the time being. It's not overwhelming to listen to a record with ten tracks spread throughout about forty minutes; that's a solid start. Despite the performers' relatively narrow range of color gradations, the tone palette comprises a number of constituents that the listener may find interesting in particular ways. Although the juxtapositions of held notes initially may recall microtonal experimentation already familiar to other artists working in the same field (see the recently reviewed The International Nothing), Eichenberger and Gallio make it clearly obvious right away that hypnotic minimalism is not their intention. By introducing oddly shaped contrapuntal fragments or, more simply, by "dirtying" the timbre with what the technical tools permit, they genuinely begin to break up stillness. By focusing on the "airy/wet" component over the substance of pitch — a quality only detectable via headphones or at a loud volume from the speakers — they drag us directly into the mechanics of muted improvisation for wind instruments. However, it's possible that a talkative, if never warmly sugar-coated environment would develop just a short while later. Occasionally, unplanned spurts of edgy nature emerge like mushrooms after rain. Then everything abruptly settles down to a barely stable quiet informed by a measure of somewhat cynical dissonance.

The term "unison polyphony" is not contradictory: equal notes can coexist simultaneously in a polyphonic composition, regardless of the instrument they are played on. Eichenberger and Gallio complement one another conceptually, with their actions showing differences in approach and, if you will, the intrinsic urge to keep the boundaries of their unique personalities well defined while still allowing for dialogue attempts. Persistent listening will undoubtedly lead to the audience being more conversant with the subject. Nevertheless, don't count on exclaiming "Aha! Now I get it!" at the end.

ORYNX-IMPROV'ANDSOUNDS, JEAN-MICHEL SCHOUWBURG

Ce n’est pas la première fois que le clarinettiste suisse Markus Eichenberger enregistre pour ezz thetics / hatology. Son précédent album Suspended (2018) le réunissait avec le contrebassiste Daniel Studer, membre influent du duo de contrebasses Studer – Frey et du String Trio avec Harald Kimmig & Alfred Zimmerlin deux parmi mes groupes (suisses) préférés aux côtés du tandem Urs Leimgruber et Jacques Demierre, ou des individualités comme Charlotte Hug et Florian Stoffner. Le voici avec un autre Suisse impliqué depuis des décennies dans cette scène improvisée / free jazz helvétique : le saxophoniste Christoph Gallio (DAY & TAXI), ici au soprano et au C-melody sax pour le dernier morceau.

Unison et Polyphony : voilà un bien curieux antagonisme. En variant légèrement la hauteur, la dynamique et le timbre de leurs notes à l’unisson, les deux souffleurs instaure une curieuse polyphonie minimaliste. À l’écoute, on dira qu’il s’agit d’une démarche conceptuelle, mais les titres des 10 morceaux révèlent leur état d’esprit empreint d’une forme de détachement descriptif : New Ways, When the Day is Short, When the Day is Long, How To Sleep Better, How Does My Cat Think, Strange Cave System, Gift of The Artists, Update, A Walkable Swamp, The Balance of a Clay Figure, quasi tous aussi non-sensiques. Une musique improbable défile, poseuse de questions, ignorante des réponses, traitant le son en dégradé avec de longues notes tenues parsemées de silence, notes qu’ils décalent minutieusement par un heureux hasard avec de timides pas de côté, entretenant un son diaphane et des légers et curieux hoquets parsemés de fragments de phrase. Plusieurs des 10 morceaux s’interrompent par surprise et s’immobilisent au bord du silence. Travail sur la dynamique. Le dialogue s’imbrique petit à petit au hasard d’un des morceaux et disparaît pour laisser place à cet Unison, suave idée fixe du projet. Une narration intuitive à propos de tout et de rien qui change nos habitudes et suggère une Polyphonie imaginaire dont quelques éléments s’invitent subrepticement dans le décor. La virtuosité si chère aux poids lourds du saxophone et de la clarinette est évacuée au profit d’une leçon de chose somme toute poétique et improbable.

ALL ABOUT JAZZ, JOHN EYLES

Unison Polyphony features two renowned Swiss players, Markus Eichenberger on clarinet and Christoph Gallio on saxophones. Considering that both were born in 1957 and first played together in the '80s, it is somewhat surprising that this is their first recording together. However, given the instruments they play, it is less surprising as duos of reed instruments are scarce. Yes, The International Nothing duo of Kai Fagaschinski and Michael Thieke on clarinets springs to mind as does the bass clarinet pairing of Katie Porter and Lucio Capece. While saxophones and clarinets frequently play together in larger ensembles, Eichenberger and Gallio seem to be breaking new ground here...

Studio-recorded in Baden, Switzerland, over two June days in 2020, the album comprises ten tracks with a total running time of forty-one minutes, the shortest track lasting thirty-five seconds, the longest eight-and-a-half minutes. All are duos with the sole exception of the seventy-eight second "Update" on which Gallio plays alone. As the sleeve notes point out, this is neither a supportive duo, in which one player backs another, nor a conversational duo, where the players call and respond, reacting to one another. Instead, the two both play throughout, with occasional gaps, clearly aware of one another's playing without copying it or getting in one another's way. Much of the time they play improvised melodic phrases which are easy on the ear and make pleasurable listening.

Consequently, the album title Unison Polyphony is something of an oxymoron as its two words rather contradict each other. Yes, there is polyphony as the two independent melodic lines complement one another. However, the two lines are never close enough to each other to be described as in "unison." The sleeve notes try to get around this by arguing that 1+1=1, meaning that the two instrumental lines combine into one. With one being saxophone and the other clarinet, that does not really hold water. Putting such pedantry aside, and judging the album on its music rather than its title, Unison Polyphony is an undoubted success, to the extent that we must hope this twosome records again soon.

 

BAD ALCHEMY, RIGOBERT DITTMANN

Warum nicht, schließlich sind beide sogar vom gleichen Jahrgang 1957, und Eichenberger als Atemkettensprenger, Tuttriebtäter und Werckmeister teilt mit Gallio sowohl dessen in cooler und eleganter Sophistication mit Day & Taxi ausgestaltetes Formbewusstsein als auch den ebenso ausgeprägten Freisinn. Wie sie da uni- und poly- als Insichwiderspruch in Wohlgefallen auflösen, brachte Art Lange in seiner Linernotelaudatio dazu, ihnen Max Bills Konkretisierung des Abstrakten, Gertrude Steins worthafte Objektivierung von Mysteriösem jenseits von Meaning und Motivation und Thomas Carlyles Vordringen zur Melodie als Seele und inmost heart of things zuzuschreiben. Und summa summarum die Formel 1 + 1 = 1 als ihr spezieller Trick, Ideen hörbar zu machen, ja selbst die Gedanken einer Katze ('How Does My Cat Think'). Im Einklang von Klarinette und Sopranosaxofon, tutend, in Wellen, in gesummten Kürzeln, mit offenen und öfters doch verstopften Rohren. Mühsal und Gesang, Eulen- und Kinderliedgesang, gedämpfter, sonorer und quäkender Gesang, das liegt da ganz eng beieinander. In geteiltem Atem, geteilter Stimmung, so sehr, dass das Unisono keiner Absprache bedarf. Brüderlich verzahnt erklingen auch die hellen, quiekenden und schrillen Spitzen und Kräusel. Die unheimlichen Uuus von 'Strange Cave System' durchlaufen sie, auch wenn ihnen manchmal die Spucke wegzubleiben droht, Hand in Hand, geleitet von Melodieresten und Erinnerungsspuren. Dem Labyrinth entronnen quäken sie hellauf, singen sie Du da, da Du... Gallio fiept und krächzt Fitzel zu Eichenbergers zagem Piepen und Tuten, ah, sie überqueren 'A Walkable Swamp' und da geht ihnen die Muffe. Doch zuletzt finden die beiden ihr Gleichgewicht wieder mit zwischen dissonant und unison balancierenden Tönen. Und was war nochmal daran abstrakt?

BERT NOGLIK

Großartig! Ganz wie Ornette Coleman sagte - Verschiedenes und trotzdem im Unisono. Klangforschung und vor allem Gestalt.

JAZZ N'MORE, THOMAS MEYER

Die Begriffe meinen eigentlich Gegensätzliches: Das Unisono ist das im Einklang gleichlaufende Spiel zweier Stimmen, die Polyphonie hingegen das kunstvolle mehrstimmige Gegen- und Miteinander. Aber gewiss kann man das auch dialektisch behandeln und dann entsteht daraus eine musikalische Gratwanderung: eine Linie, die sich ständig auffächert – mit Absturzgefahr. In der komponierten Musik, etwa bei Pascal Dusapin, Walter Feldmann, Kate Soper oder Eric Wubbels, finden sich spannende Versuche, damit umzugehen. Hier nun wird es improvisiert: Der Klarinettist Markus Eichenberger und der Saxophonist Christoph Gallio suchen die gemeinsame Linie, finden sich manchmal sogar auf einer bekannten Melodie und verlassen sie wieder. Mal subtil, mal hartnäckig oder querständig umspielen sie das Gemeinsame ständig aufs Neue, mikrotonal, klangfarblich, phrasierend, rhythmisch, harmonisch – da gibt es unzählige Möglichkeiten! Das, den beiden zuhörend, zu erkunden, ist eine fruchtbare und vielfältige Erfahrung. Und sie führt denn gelegentlich auch ins Unvorherhörbare – fernab von meditativer Bodennähe, ständig auf dem Seil.

FB, Brian Olewnick

A lovely recording, 'Unison Polyphony' from Markus Eichenberger (clarinet) and Christoph Gallio (soprano & C-melody saxophones.) Think of a neighborhood about halfway between The International Nothing and a lost, highly restrained Braxton/Mitchell outing from the 70s--really enjoyable.